Federation of Northern and Southern Rhodesia, and Nysaland on 1 August 1953. Zambia had the wealth and Southern Rhodesia received the benefit.
When British rule from 31 December 1963 was dissolved the anticipation in 1962 from the African leaders was that it would take 15 to 20 years for independence but in 2 years there was independence due to the failure of the talks. In 1963 only 2000 black Africans had the secondary school certificate.
Roy Welenski refused discussion.
Kenneth Kaunda started well but absolute power corrupts. Allowed in Zambia terrorist camps for the Rhodesian fighters
These are land locked countries using the railway to the coast for exports of copper and imports of oil.
Zambia would allow no oil by rail through to Rhodesia. Initially the UK and Canada tried flying in oil and flying out copper.
A gravel road, the hell run, was built, it was a truck's graveyard.
Zambia nationalized 51% of the productive industry including the brewery but due to poor health conditions people had food poisoning so people went for imported beer.
Piece day labor was hired to off load the trucks as they arrived who were under a supervisor.
Payment of goods is usually on a 90 day letter of credit. But foreign reserves were so depleted that it was taking 4 years to pay, hence many suppliers would not supply.
Eventually an oil pipeline was constructed and the road was bituminised and a railway line constructed.
Sanctions made Rhodesia self sufficient and develop businesses.
Lake Kariba is on the Rhodesia side and the hydro power provided 70% of Zambia's electricity. While Zambia had bases of Rhodesian Terrorists Rhodesia never cut the power off from Zambia.